Catalog of Plants

Plant descriptions by Nina Flack and Sharon Day

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  Botanical Name Common Name Comments
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Image of Acorus calamus Acorus calamus
•Sweet flag
Iris-like, aromatic leaves
Hydrology: up to 6" water
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 1 - 4 '
Image of Acorus calamus variegated Acorus calamus variegated
•Variegated sweet flag
Iris-like, aromatic leaves
Hydrology: up to 6" water
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 3 sizes available
  Alisma subcordatum
•Water plantain
White panicle with heart-shaped leaves and basal rosette
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation; up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: to 3.5'
Image of Alnus serrulata Alnus serrulata
•Tag Alder
Broad-leaved deciduous shrub with persistent seed cones
Hydrology: seasonally to regularly inundated
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: 12 - 20'
  Amelanchier arborea
•Downy Service-berry
A small tree or shrub with a narrow, round crown and white elongate petals at the branch tip.
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU
Height: Up to 10 meters tall
  Andropogon gerardii
•Big bluestem
Native grass, with variable color: inflorescence from bronze to gray blue, plant from red to brown and purple
Hydrology: upland to infrequent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC
Height: 2.5' to 5'
  Andropogon glomeratus
•Bushy beard grass
Native grass with reddish leaves and stems; conspicuous bushy seed heads
Hydrology: moist to frequently inundated soils
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height : 2'
  Andropogon virginicus
•Broomsedge
Native grass, reddish stems & leaves, white feathery inflorescence.
Hydrology: variable from dry fields to frequent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC-
Height: to 3'
Image of Aronia arbutifolia Aronia arbutifolia
•Choke cherry
Large shrub simple serrate leaf; pinkish to white flowers, black drupe
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: Up to 15'
Image of Asclepias incarnata Asclepias incarnata
•Swamp milkweed
Attractive deep pink flowers, opposite leaves
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
Image of Asclepias tuberosa Asclepias tuberosa
•Butterfly weed
Upland herbaceous plant with bright orange flowers.
Hydrology: Tolerates dry poor soils.
Height: up to 1'
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  Betula nigra
•River birch
Small tree, attractive flaking bark
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: 50' to 75'
  Image of Acorus calamus variegated Borrichia frutescens
•Sea ox-eye
High marsh herb, salt tolerant, yellow flowers
Hydrology: above mean high tide
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: .5 - 4'
  Bouteloua curtipendula
•Sideoats grama
Fine leaved, sod-forming native grass with oat like seeds.
Hydrology: dry soils, drought tolerant
Height: 12"
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Image of Callicarpa americana Callicarpa americana
•Beauty berry
Deciduous shrub; arching stems; showy fuscia-colored fruits, lovely scent to stems and leaves.
Hydrology: dry to moist soils
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU-
Height: to 8'
Image of Canna flaccida Canna flaccida
•Yellow Canna
Large yellow flowers appearing above broad, light green leaves
Hydrology: seasonal to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 4' to 5'
Image of Carex crinita Carex crinita
•Fringed sedge
Tall, grass-like sedge with drooping seed heads
Hydrology: irregular to regular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 2'
  Carex glaucescens
•Southern waxy sedge
Grass-like sedge with bluish color and terminal spikes
Hydrology: seasonal to continuous inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 2' to 4'
Image of Carex grayi Carex grayi
•Gray's sedge
Pretty sedge with interesting seed head
Hydrology: irregular to regular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 2'
Image of Carex intumescens Carex intumescens
•Carex
Clump-forming, medium sized carex
Hydrology: irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 3'
  Carex lupulina
•Carex
Grass-like sedge with pineapple-shaped seed head
Hydrology: irregular to regular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
Image of Carex lurida Carex lurida
•Lurid sedge
Grass-like sedge forming large clumps
Hydrology: irregular to regular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: about 1'
Image of Carex stricta Carex stricta
•Tussock sedge
Grass-like sedge forming mounds or tussocks
Hydrology: intermittent or permanent inundation, up to 6" deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 3.5'
  Carex vulpinoides
•Fox sedge
A bunch type sedge with small yellow-green leaves.
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 1-3 feet
  Carpinus caroliniana
•Ironwood
A small deciduous tree with white flowers that bloom at the branch tip, and attractive fall foliage.
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC
Height: To 30 feet tall
Image of Cephalanthus occidentalis Cephalanthus occidentalis*
•Button bush
Shrub-tree, white globe-shaped flowers, red foliage and seed heads in fall
Hydrology: Intermittent to permanent inundation, up to 3' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 12'
 Ceratophyllum demersum
•Coontail
A rootless submerged, olive-green plant with relatively stiff, whorled leaves and small flowers.
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 1-3 m long
  Image of Chamaecyparis thyoides Chamaecyparis thyoides
•Atlantic white cedar
Medium-sized evergreen tree, similar to Juniperus virginiana.
Hydrology: obligate wetland; tidal or seasonal flooding.
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: to 90'
Image of Chasmanthium latifolium Chasmanthium latifolium
•River oats
Grass with graceful arching panicle
Hydrology: regular to irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC-
Height: 2 - 2.5'
 Cladium jamaicense
•Saw grass
Very tall grass of fresh and brackish marshes, lower leaf margins with saw teeth, inflorescence with 3 to 4 spirally-arranged scales
Hydrology: regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 9'
Image of Clethra alnifolia Clethra alnifolia
•Sweet pepperbush
Shrub or small tree with spikes of fragrant white flowers
Hydrology: intermittent flooding
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 9'
Image of Coreopsis lanceolata Coreopsis lanceolata*
A herbaceous perennial plant that grows in small clumps with deeply cut leaves and yellow flower heads.
Hydrology:
Wetland Indicator Status: UPL
Height: 1-2 1/2 feet tall
Image of Coreopsis_palmata Coreopsis palmata
•Prairie coreopsis
A stalkless perennial flowering plant with wide, yellow fowers, and leaves divided into three lobes at base.
Hydrology:
Wetland Indicator Status: UPL
Height: Up to 90cms
Image of Cornus amomum Cornus amomum*
•Silky dogwood
Spreading, deciduous shrub; inflorescence a cyme of small white flowers; blue fruits
Hydrology: seasonal to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status:FACW+
Height: 4' to 10'
Image of Cyrilla racemiflora Cyrilla racemiflora
•Titi
Tall shrub or tree; semi evergreen; dangling racemes of white flowers
Hydrology: regular to irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 25'
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 Diospyros virginiana
•Persimmon
Understory tree; large fruits; good wildlife value
Hydrology: Upland
Height: to 50'
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
 Distichlis spicata
•Salt grass
High marsh habitat, grass-like, tolerates high salinity
Hydrology: above mean high tide
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 16 "
 Dulichium arundinaceum
•Three-way sedge
Conspicuously 3-sided sedge; also known as "mini bamboo"
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation; edges of bogs, marshes, ponds, streams
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 1.5' to 3'
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Image of Echinacea purpurea Echinacea purpurea
•Purple coneflower
Tall showy inflorescence with purple ray flowers and yellow disc flowers
Hydrology: upland
Height: variable, 1' to 4'
Image of Eleocharis obtusa Eleocharis obtusa
•Spike rush
Annual found in wet meadows, high wildlife value
Hydrology: regular to semi-permanent flooding
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: .5 - 2'
Image of Eleocharis quadrangulata Eleocharis quadrangulata
•Spike rush
Unique-looking rush, distinctly 4-sided
Hydrology: permanent inundation, marshy shores, pond edges
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 2' to 4'
  Elodea canadensis
•Waterweed
Submersed aquatic, leaves in dense whorls of three along submerged stem.
Hydrology: submerged
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
  Elymus hystrix
•Boyttlebrush grass
A bristle-like tall grass with seed heads like a bottlebrush. Grows in clumps.
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status: UPL
Height: 3-5 feet tall
  Elymus virginicus
•Virginia wild rye
A showy grain-like grass with heads spiked with awns, and green basal leaves.
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status:FAC
Height: 4-5 feet
Image of Equisetum hyemale Equisetum hyemale
•Horse tail
Reed-like; stems are round, dark green, unbranched, and jointed;
Hydrology: irregular flooding.
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC+
Height : 2 - 3'
 Eragrostis spectabilis
•Purple lovegrass
Fine-leaved, clump-forming grass; reddish/purplish seed heads
Hydrology: dry soils
Height: 1' to 3'
  Image of Eryngium aquaticum Eryngium aquaticum
•Marsh eryngo
Tall herb of the water's edge; purplish-blue flowers in summer
Hydrology: regularly saturated to irregularly inundated
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
 Euonymus americanus
•Strawberry bush
Striking fuchsia-colored seed capsule opens to expose bright red seeds
Hydrology: saturated to upland
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC-
Height: up to 6'
Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus
•Joe pye weed
Tall robust herb with large heads of small purple flowers
Hydrology: irregular to regular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC+
Height: up to 6'
Image of Eupatorium perfoliatum Eupatorium perfoliatum
•Bone set
Tall robust herb with white flowers
Hydrology: irregular to regular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 5'
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 Fraxinus pennsylvanica
•Green ash
Fast growing canopy tree, opposite compound leaves
Hydrology: irregular to permanent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: Up to 7'
 Fraxinus profunda
•Pumpkin ash
Large deciduous tree, opposite compound leaves; seeds are conspicuous samaras
Hydrology: infrequent to continuous inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
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Image of Hamamelis virginiana Hamamelis virginiana
•Witch hazel
Small deciduous tree, early spring flowers; deeply veined serrate leaves
Hydrology: Upland
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU
Height: Up to 15'
  Image of Helianthus angustifoliusHelianthus angustifolius
•Swamp sunflower
Tall leafy sunflower; flowers from July to frost
Hydrology: variable, frequent to seasonal inundation
Wetland Indicator Status:FAC+
Height: 3' to 7'
Image of Hibiscus coccineus Hibiscus coccineus
•Red hibiscus
Showy large red flower on large perennial plant
Hydrology: irregularly inundated
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 3'
Image of Hibiscus moscheutos Hibiscus moscheutos
•Marsh hibiscus
Showy red, white, or pink flowers; can tolerate dry periods
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation up to 3" deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 7'
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  Ilex coriacea
•Bay gall
An evergreen shrub with oval, leathery leaves and non-showy axillary flowers.
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: 10-15 feet tall
Image of Ilex decidua Ilex decidua
•Possum haw
Broad-leaved deciduous shrub; tolerates full shade; orange/red berries
Hydrology: Upland to irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW-
Height: up to 20'
Image of Ilex glabra Ilex glabra
•Inkberry
Evergreen rhizomatous shrub with black drupes
Hydrology: irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: 6-12'
Image of Iris fulva Iris fulva
•Copper iris
Unusual native, copper-colored flowers
Hydrology: regular inundation
Height: about 2'
 Iris louisianaWetland Indicator Status: OBL
•Louisiana iris
Robust iris with lavender to bluish flowers
Hydrology: regular inundation
Height: 1' to 2'
Image of Iris versicolor Iris versicolor
•Blue flag
Iris with showy blue flowers
Hydrology: regularly or permanently up to 6" deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
Image of Itea virginica Itea virginica
•Virginia sweetspire
Shrub with white bell-shaped flowers in dense drooping racemes
Hydrology: regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 10'
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 Juncus coriaceus
•Leathery rush
Spreading tufted perennial rush
Hydrology: infrequent to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: 1' to 2'
Image of Juncus effusus Juncus effusus
•Soft rush
Grass-like rush with stiff stems, 3 - 4 feet tall, grows in clumps;
Hydrology: inundation up to 1'; prefers a dry down period
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 3.5'
 Juncus roemerianus
•Black needle rush
Similar to J. effusus but found in brackish marshes
Hydrology: above mean high tide, fresh to brackish
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
 Juniperus virginiana
•Eastern red cedar
A dense slow growing tree with adapressed scale-like leaves and berry-like seed cones.
Hydrology
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU-
Height: Up to 60 feet
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Image of Kosteletskya virginica Kosteletskya virginica
•Marsh mallow
Tall woody perennial, showy pink flowers, tolerates dryer soils
Hydrology: above mean high to spring tide
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 2 - 4'
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 Leersia oryzoides
•Rice cutgrass
Tall grass resembling rice
Hydrology: tidal to irregular inundation, tolerates some drought
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 2' to 6'
 Lemna spp.
•Duck weed
Tiny floating aquatic with good wildlife and water treatment value
Floats on surface of lakes, ponds, and slow-moving streams
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
  Leucothoe racemosa
•Fetterbush
A showy evergreen shrub with pink flowers that are an important source of nectar, and leathery leaves that are pointed at the tips.
Wetland Indicator Status:FACW
Height: 3-9 feet tall
Image of Liatris spicata Liatris spicata
•Blazing star
Flowering herb with showy racemes of pink flowers
Hydrology: variable, regular inundation to dry
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU
Height: 3' to 4'
 Lindera benzoin
•Spice bush
Shrub with aromatic stems and leaves, red stems and red fall foliage
Hydrology: seasonally inundated
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: 6 - 12'
Image of Lobelia cardinalis Lobelia cardinalis
•Cardinal flower
Tall leafy herb, showy red flower spikes; attracts butterflies, humming birds
Hydrology: moist soils to regular or permanent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 4'
Image of Lobelia elongata Lobelia elongata
•Blue lobelia
Similar to L. cardinalis but with blue flowers
Hydrology: moist soils to regular or permanent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 3'
Image of Lobelia siphilitica Lobelia siphilitica
•Great blue lobelia
Similar to L. cardinalis but with blue flowers
Hydrology: moist soils to regular or permanent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 1' to 2'
 Lyonia lucida
•Fetterbush
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
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Image of Monarda_fistulosa Monarda fistulosa
•Wild bergamot
A showy pinkish flowering plant with aromatic leaves and hollow, greenish-purple stems.
Hydrology:
Wetland Indicator Status:FACU
Height: 2-5 feet
 Muhlenbergia_capillarisa
•Sweet grass
A wispy, purple-flowered grass with wirelike and unbranched stems and leaves.
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU  
Height: Up to 3 feet
  Image of Acorus calamus variegated Myrica cerifera
•Wax myrtle
Aromatic evergreen shrub or small tree with waxy bluish berries
Hydrology: regularly inundated
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC+
Height: up to 30'
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 Najas guadalupensis
•Water nymph
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Image of Nelumbo lutea Nelumbo lutea
•Yellow lotus
Rooted floating aquatic, large circular leaves reaching 1-3 feet wide. Large showy flowers are yellow, 4-10 inches wide when fully open
Hydrology: permanently inundated, 2' to 5 '
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Image of Nuphar advenaNuphar advena
•Spatterdock, Cow lily
Aquatic herb with round floating leaves and attractive yellow flowers;
Hydrology: grows in 1 - 3 feet of water
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Nymphaea odorata
•Fragrant white lily
Rooted aquatic with floating leaves, green above and purplish beneath. Flowers are showy white with yellow stamens
Hydrology: permanent inundation, 1' to 3'
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
 Nyssa aquatica
•Water tupelo
Deciduous tree with broad, simple leaves; fruits are dark blue drupes
Hydrology: frequent to permanent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 75' to 100'
 Nyssa biflora
•Tupelo gum
 Nyssa sylvatica
•Black gum
Understory tree, red foliage in fall, black drupes
Hydrology: upland and irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC
Height: up to 50'
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  Image of Acorus calamus variegated Onoclea sensibilis
•Sensitive fern
Leathery light green fern with pairs of bead like spore cases
Hydrology: moist soils to frequent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 2'
Image of Orontium aquaticum Orontium aquaticum
•Golden club
Unique gold tipped flower on white stalk. Leaves are dark green and waxy
Hydrology: permanent inundation or wet soil
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 8" to 2'
  Image of Osmunda cinnamomea Osmunda cinnamomea
•Cinnamon fern
Large showy fern, with cinnamon-colored fertile fronds
Hydrology: irregular to permanent saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW+
Height: up to 5'
  Image of Osmunda regalis Osmunda regalis
•text fern
text fertile fronds
Hydrology: text
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height:
 Ostrya virginiana
•Hop hornbeam
Small deciduous tree with sreddy bark, leaves serrate
Hydrology: Upland
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU-
Height: up to 30'
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 Panicum clandestinum
•Deer tongue
 
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status:  
Height: 
 Panicum rigidulum
•Redtop panicgrass
 
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status:  
Height: 
  Image of Panicum virgatumPanicum virgatum
•Switchgrass
Tall sod-forming native; very drought resistant
Hydrology: tolerates extremely variable conditions, saturated to very dry
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC+
Height: up to 5'
Image of Peltandra virginica Peltandra virginica
•Arrow arum
Aquatic herb, grows in 1 - 3 feet of water, large arrow-shaped leaves.
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 2'
 Persea borbonia
•Swamp bay, Red Bay
Aromatic evergreen shrub/small tree, shiny leaves, blue-black fruits
Hydrology: relatively dry to seasonal inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 40'
Image of Pinckneya bracteata Pinckneya bracteata
•Fever tree
Deciduous shrub with showy pink flowers; reddish brown pubescent twigs
Hydrology: moist soils to occasional inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 4' to 10'
Image of Platanus occidentalis Platanus occidentalis
•Sycamore
Fast growing broad-leafed deciduous tree
Hydrology: irregular to seasonal inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW-
Height: 75 - 100'
Image of Pontederia cordata Pontederia cordata
•Pickerel weed
Robust, succulent herb with spikes of attractive purple flowers, lobed leaves
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
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 Quercus coccinea
•Scarlet oak
Large canopy oak; leaves with deeply cut sinuses
Hydrology: upland to occasional inundation
Height: 100' or more
 Quercus michauxii
•Swamp chestnut oak
Large canopy oak with chestnut-like leaves
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW-
Height: Up to 135'
 Quercus phellos
•Willow oak
Large, fast growing oak with willow-like leaves
Hydrology: Irregular to seasonal inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW-
Height: Up to 80'
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Image of Ratibida_columnifera Ratibida columnifera
•Prairie coneflower
comments
Hydrology: hydrology
Height: available in plugs and quarts
Image of Ratibida pinnata Ratibida pinnata
•Grey-headed coneflower
comments
Hydrology: hydrologyp
Height: available in quarts
Image of Rhododendron arborescens Rhododendron arborescens
•Smooth azalea
Dark green foliage and inconspicuous white flowers, with a smattering of conspicuous brown fruits or seeds.
Hydrology: FACW-
Height: up to 18'
Image of Rhododendron atlanticum  Rhododendron atlanticum
•Dwarf azalea
Low growing azalea with abundant pinkish-white, fragrant blooms April to May.
Hydrology: FAC+
Height: up to 2-3'
Image of Rhododendron viscosum Rhododendron viscosum
•Swamp azalea
Abundant white flowers .
Hydrology: FACW+
Height: up to 13-16'
Image of Rhynchospora colorata Rhynchospora colorata
•White top sedge
Showy sedge with white bracts, giving the appearance of white petals
Hydrology: occasional to regular inundation
Height: 2' to 3'
Image of Rosa palustris Rosa palustris
•Swamp rose
Rambling rose with delicate pink flowers June through October
Hydrology: regular to irregular saturation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 7'
Image of Rudbeckia hirta Rudbeckia hirta
•Black-eyed Susan
Native in mountains, piedmont, and coastal plain
Hydrology: upland
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU
Height: variable, to several feet
Image of Rudbeckia_triloba Rudbeckia triloba
•Brown-eyed susan
comment
Hydrology: hydrology
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU-
Height:available in quarts
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Image of Sabatia kennedyana Sabatia kennedyana
•Plymouth rose-gentian
Delicate herb, feathery leaves, showy pink flowers; native to pine savannahs
Hydrology: moist soils, seasonal inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: 1' to 2'
Image of Sagittaria lancifolia Sagittaria lancifolia
•Narrow leaf sagittaria
Attractive herb, upright long narrow leaves, striking tri-petaled white flowers
Hydrology: regular to irregular inundation up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 2'
Image of Sagittaria latifolia Sagittaria latifolia
•Arrowhead
•Duck potato
Similar to S. lancifolia, but with arrow shaped leaves
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 2' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
 Salix caroliniana*
•Carolina willow
Small deciduous tree, often with irregularly shaped trunk and arching branches; leaves glaucus beneath
Hydrology: irregular or seasonal inundation; needs some dry down periods
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 50'
 Salix nigra*
•Black willow
Fast growing multi stemmed tree; good for stream bank stabilization
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 70'
 Salix sericea*
•Silky willow
Deciduous shrub or small tree, leaves have silky undersides
Hydrology: moist soil or frequent inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 30'
Image of Sambucus canadensis Sambucus canadensis*
•Elderberry
Medium to large deciduous shrub with large umbels of white flowers and conspicuous purple to black fruits
Hydrology: irregular to seasonal inundation; somewhat salt tolerant
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW-
Height: 6' to 12'
Image of Saururus cernuus Saururus cernuus
•Lizard tail
Heart shaped leaves and interesting recumbent flower spikes
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 4'
Image of Schizachyrium scoparium Schizachyrium scoparium
•Little bluestem
An important wide spread native grass; bluish green in early summer, turning a rich tan-brown and wine-red in fall
Hydrology: upland
Wetland Indicator Status: FACU
Height: 1.5' to 5'
 Schoenoplectus americanus
•Swordgrass
Image of Schoenoplectus pungens Schoenoplectus pungens
•Common three square
Rush of medium height with lateral clustered spikelets
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 6"' deep
Height: up to 5'
  Image of Schoenoplectus robustusSchoenoplectus robustus
•Salt marsh bulrush
Sedge with robust seed heads densely clustered near stem tips
Hydrology: Brackish water, regular to permanent inundation
Height: 2' to 4'
Image of Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
•Soft stem bulrush
A tall rush with reddish spikelets in branched clusters
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 1' deep
Height: up to 10'
Image of Scirpus cyperinus Scirpus cyperinus
•Wool grass
Tall grass-like sedge with large fuzzy seed heads
Hydrology: regular to irregular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 6.5'
 Scirpus expansus
•Woodland bulrush
 
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status:  
Height:  
Image of Acorus calamus variegated Solidago sempervirens
•Seaside goldenrod
Salt tolerant goldenrod, yellow flowers
Hydrology: above mean high tide
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: 1 - 6'
 Sorghastrum nutans
•Indian grass
Tall native grass with golden plume-like head, turns reddish in winter
Hydrology: upland
Height: leaves to 3'; seed heads 5' to6'
 Sparganium americanum
•American burreed
 
Hydrology:  
Wetland Indicator Status:  
Height: 
 Spartina alterniflora
•Smooth cordgrass
Salt tolerant grass of the marsh intertidal zone
Hydrology: intertidal zone
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 7'
 Spartina cynosuroides
•Big cordgrass
Very tall robust marsh grass
Hydrology: irregular inundation, salt tolerant
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 9'
 Spartina patens
•Salt meadow hay
High marsh grass, salt tolerant
Hydrology: near and above mean high tide
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 3'
Spiraea tomentosa
•Hard hack
Shrub of bogs, wet meadows, and low woodlands; pink flowers
Hydrology: regular to permanent inundation up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: FACW
Height: up to 6.5'
Image of Symphyotrichum_lateriflorum Symphyotrichum lateriflorum
•Calico aster
comments
Hydrology: hydrology
Height: available in quarts
 Symphoricarpos orbiculatus*
•Coralberry
Erect colonizing multi-stemmed shrub, coral colored berries
Hydrology: Upland to occasional inundation
Height: Up to 5 or 6'
  Image of Symphyotrichum novae-angliaeSymphyotrichum novae-angliae
•New England aster
Inflorescence a many-headed panicle, large showy violet flowers
Hydrology: regular inundation
Height: 2' to 6'
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 Taxodium distichum
•Bald cypress
Needle-leaved deciduous conifer, tolerates standing water or dry soil
Hydrology: irregular to permanent inundation
Height: up to 100'
Image of Thalia dealbata Thalia dealbata
•Powdery thalia
Tall striking plant with broad-bladed leaves and inflorescence of deep
purple flowers on long slender stem.
Hydrology: regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
 Tripsacum dactyloides
•Gamma grass
Loosely tufted perennial grass, terminal spikes with spikelets in pairs
Hydrology: variable from moist soils to occasional inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC+
Height: to 7'
Image of Typha angustifolia Typha angustifolia
•Narrow leaved cattail
Tall grass with showy seed head; forms dense stands of long linear leaves, can tolerate 15 ppt salinity
Hydrology: irregular to permanent inundation up to 1' deep
Wetland Indicator Status: OBL
Height: up to 10'
 Typha latifolia
•Broad leaved cattail
Similar to T. angustifolia, but with wider leaves,
less salt tolerant (<.5ppt) Wetland Indicator Status: OBL

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  Image of Vernonia noveboracensis Vernonia noveboracensis
•Ironweed
Robust perennial herb, tall leafy stem, numerous purple disk flowers.
Hydrology: irregular inundation, salt tolerant
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC+
Height: 3' to 7'
  Image of Viburnum dentatum Viburnum dentatum
•Arrow-wood
Shrub with arrow-straight stems, opposite leaves, black drupes
Hydrology: irregular to regular inundation
Wetland Indicator Status: FAC
Height: Up to 10'
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